Iowa Public Health Outbreak Report: November 2025

Measles Status

Active Outbreak

8 Confirmed Cases (2025)

Pertussis Trend

Elevated

Peak in Nov 2024, remains high

Respiratory Virus

Low / Rising

RSV increasing, Flu/COVID low

Executive Summary

As of November 30, 2025, Iowa is navigating a complex public health landscape characterized by the resurgence of vaccine-preventable diseases and significant environmental health challenges. The state is currently managing a Measles outbreak with case counts significantly higher than the previous decade's average. Concurrently, Pertussis (Whooping Cough) remains at elevated levels following a sharp spike in late 2024.

While the immediate threat of H5N1 Bird Flu to the general public remains low (with only one historical human case in Iowa from late 2024), surveillance continues due to widespread outbreaks in poultry. Additionally, a national Infant Botulism investigation has implicated a manufacturing facility in Allerton, Iowa, highlighting a critical supply chain risk.

Measles & Pertussis Resurgence

Measles: Iowa has identified 8 confirmed cases of measles in 2025. This stands in stark contrast to 2019, where only 2 cases were recorded. The outbreak is part of a larger national trend, with over 1,700 cases reported across the U.S. this year.

Pertussis: Whooping cough activity remains "elevated" compared to pre-pandemic levels. Polk County health officials reported a concentrated cluster of 19 cases earlier in the summer. While the trajectory has trended downward since the November 2024 peak, incidence rates in 2025 are still significantly higher than the 2023 baseline.

Measles Cases in Iowa (Yearly Comparison)

2019
2
2025
8

Environmental Health: E. Coli & Water Quality

The summer of 2025 was described by environmental groups as the "most un-swimmable" in recent history. The Iowa Department of Natural Resources (DNR) issued a record-breaking number of beach advisories.

  • 158 E. coli beach advisories issued (Record High).
  • 13 Microcystin (algal toxin) advisories.
  • 27 of 40 state beaches had at least one advisory.
Contrast in Viewpoints: While the Iowa DNR publishes these advisories as routine safety measures, the Iowa Environmental Council (IEC) argues these figures reflect a systemic failure in managing agricultural runoff, labeling the season a "record-breaking" failure for water safety.

Emerging Threat: Infant Botulism Investigation

A multistate outbreak of infant botulism is currently under investigation by the FDA and CDC. As of late November 2025, 37 infants across 17 states have been affected.

The Iowa Connection

The outbreak has been linked to ByHeart Whole Nutrition infant formula. The manufacturer's facility in Allerton, Iowa (Blendhouse), was cited for "Voluntary Action Indicated" (VAI) due to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) deficiencies during a February 2025 inspection.

Current Status

While no cases have been explicitly confirmed within Iowa residents in the latest report, the state is central to the supply chain investigation. All 37 affected infants required hospitalization.

Respiratory Season Outlook (Nov 2025)

Virus Activity Level Trend
Influenza (Flu) LOW Slowly Increasing
COVID-19 LOW Stable
RSV MODERATE Rising (Regional)

Data Source: Iowa HHS Respiratory Virus Surveillance Report (Week 46, 2025).