Active Public Health Outbreaks: United States Report (November 2025)

Critical Alert: Infant Botulism

Source: ByHeart Whole Nutrition Infant Formula

Status: Active Investigation & Recall

Confirmed Cases 37
Hospitalization Rate 100%
States Affected 17

Measles Resurgence 2025

Trend: Highest case count in 30+ years

Total Cases (YTD) ~1,798
Active Outbreaks 45+
Confirmed Deaths 3

Measles: A Historic Surge

The United States is currently grappling with its most severe measles year in over three decades. As of late November 2025, the CDC reports nearly 1,800 confirmed cases, a stark contrast to the typical annual figures of under 100 cases seen in the early 2000s. The resurgence is driven primarily by declining vaccination rates, with 92% of cases occurring in individuals who are unvaccinated or whose status is unknown.

While earlier outbreaks in 2025 were concentrated in Texas, New Mexico, and Oklahoma, recent activity has shifted. Active clusters are currently being monitored in Utah and Arizona. Public health officials note a concerning shift in severity, with a 12% hospitalization rate and three confirmed deaths this year—the first measles-related fatalities in the U.S. in a decade.

Pertussis (Whooping Cough) Trends

Pertussis activity has returned to pre-pandemic levels and surged beyond them in several regions. Following a significant spike in 2024, case counts remain elevated in late 2025. National data indicates over 20,900 cases reported year-to-date.

Regional Hotspots (Nov 2025)

West Coast Washington, Oregon, California reporting sustained high transmission.
Kentucky Experiencing its largest spike since 2012; one death reported.

Viewpoint Contrast: While federal agencies attribute the rise to a "return to pre-pandemic cycles" and waning immunity from acellular vaccines, state-level health departments in Oregon and Kentucky are increasingly pointing to "vaccine fatigue" and delayed childhood immunization schedules as primary drivers for the severity of the current outbreaks.

Foodborne Illness & Safety Alerts

Infant Botulism (ByHeart Formula)

A critical outbreak of infant botulism has been linked to ByHeart Whole Nutrition Infant Formula. As of November 26, 2025, 37 infants across 17 states have been hospitalized. The FDA has issued a recall for all lots. This outbreak is distinct due to its 100% hospitalization rate, though fortunately, no deaths have been reported. The pathogen Clostridium botulinum was confirmed in open cans tested by the California Department of Public Health.

Listeria (Boar's Head Cheese Recall)

Following a massive meat-related Listeria outbreak earlier in the year, Boar's Head is facing a new, unrelated recall in late November 2025. The focus is now on Pecorino Romano cheese products supplied by the Ambriola Company.

Distinction: This is not the same as the liverwurst/deli meat outbreak that caused 10 deaths earlier in 2024/2025. This is a new recall affecting cheese products due to potential Listeria monocytogenes contamination.

Salmonella (Pet Bearded Dragons)

A persistent multistate outbreak linked to contact with pet bearded dragons has sickened 17 people across 11 states, resulting in one death in Kentucky. The CDC advises rigorous handwashing after handling these reptiles, as the bacteria can spread easily to surfaces.

Respiratory Virus Surveillance (Flu/RSV)

As of Week 48 (ending Nov 30, 2025), seasonal influenza activity remains low nationally but is showing a clear upward trend, particularly in pediatric emergency department visits. Both Influenza A (H1N1 and H3N2) strains are co-circulating.

Domestic Surveillance

Alabama

Latest situational summary for Alabama.

11/30/2025 4:45:50 AM

Alaska

Latest situational summary for Alaska.

11/30/2025 4:45:36 AM

Arizona

Latest situational summary for Arizona.

11/30/2025 4:46:14 AM

Arkansas

Latest situational summary for Arkansas.

11/30/2025 4:45:34 AM

California

Latest situational summary for California.

11/30/2025 4:44:58 AM

Colorado

Latest situational summary for Colorado.

11/30/2025 4:44:06 AM

Connecticut

Latest situational summary for Connecticut.

11/30/2025 4:45:42 AM

Delaware

Latest situational summary for Delaware.

11/30/2025 4:47:31 AM

District of Columbia

Latest situational summary for District of Columbia.

11/30/2025 4:47:03 AM

Florida

Latest situational summary for Florida.

11/30/2025 4:44:20 AM

Georgia

Latest situational summary for Georgia.

11/30/2025 4:42:43 AM

Hawaii

Latest situational summary for Hawaii.

11/30/2025 4:48:08 AM

Idaho

Latest situational summary for Idaho.

11/30/2025 4:47:03 AM

Illinois

Latest situational summary for Illinois.

11/30/2025 4:42:26 AM

Indiana

Latest situational summary for Indiana.

11/30/2025 4:47:26 AM

Iowa

Latest situational summary for Iowa.

11/30/2025 4:48:51 AM

Kansas

Latest situational summary for Kansas.

11/30/2025 4:48:34 AM

Kentucky

Latest situational summary for Kentucky.

11/30/2025 4:49:25 AM

Louisiana

Latest situational summary for Louisiana.

11/30/2025 4:48:03 AM

Maine

Latest situational summary for Maine.

11/30/2025 4:48:38 AM

Maryland

Latest situational summary for Maryland.

11/30/2025 4:50:17 AM

Massachusetts

Latest situational summary for Massachusetts.

11/30/2025 4:42:48 AM

Michigan

Latest situational summary for Michigan.

11/30/2025 4:59:01 AM

Minnesota

Latest situational summary for Minnesota.

11/30/2025 4:50:00 AM

Mississippi

Latest situational summary for Mississippi.

11/30/2025 4:50:56 AM

Missouri

Latest situational summary for Missouri.

11/30/2025 4:49:44 AM

Montana

Latest situational summary for Montana.

11/30/2025 4:50:17 AM

Nebraska

Latest situational summary for Nebraska.

11/30/2025 4:51:57 AM

Nevada

Latest situational summary for Nevada.

11/30/2025 4:51:46 AM

New Hampshire

Latest situational summary for New Hampshire.

11/30/2025 4:52:30 AM

New Jersey

Latest situational summary for New Jersey.

11/30/2025 4:51:23 AM

New Mexico

Latest situational summary for New Mexico.

11/30/2025 4:51:36 AM

New York

Latest situational summary for New York.

11/30/2025 4:43:02 AM

North Carolina

Latest situational summary for North Carolina.

11/30/2025 4:53:23 AM

North Dakota

Latest situational summary for North Dakota.

11/30/2025 4:53:13 AM

Ohio

Latest situational summary for Ohio.

11/30/2025 4:53:53 AM

Oklahoma

Latest situational summary for Oklahoma.

11/30/2025 4:52:52 AM

Oregon

Latest situational summary for Oregon.

11/30/2025 4:54:03 AM

Pennsylvania

Latest situational summary for Pennsylvania.

11/30/2025 4:55:03 AM

Rhode Island

Latest situational summary for Rhode Island.

11/30/2025 4:55:27 AM

South Carolina

Latest situational summary for South Carolina.

11/30/2025 4:56:04 AM

South Dakota

Latest situational summary for South Dakota.

11/30/2025 4:54:00 AM

Tennessee

Latest situational summary for Tennessee.

11/30/2025 4:55:20 AM

Texas

Latest situational summary for Texas.

11/30/2025 4:43:50 AM

Utah

Latest situational summary for Utah.

11/30/2025 4:56:16 AM

Vermont

Latest situational summary for Vermont.

11/30/2025 4:57:10 AM

Virginia

Latest situational summary for Virginia.

11/30/2025 4:57:45 AM

Washington

Latest situational summary for Washington.

11/30/2025 4:44:10 AM

West Virginia

Latest situational summary for West Virginia.

11/30/2025 4:56:57 AM

Wisconsin

Latest situational summary for Wisconsin.

11/30/2025 4:57:26 AM

Wyoming

Latest situational summary for Wyoming.

11/30/2025 4:58:22 AM

International Intelligence

Pathogens

New Domestic Events (Last 7 Days)

  • Multi-State (17 States) Nov 26
    INFANT BOTULISM

    37 infants hospitalized; linked to ByHeart Whole Nutrition Formula.

  • Multi-State (19 States) Nov 27
    E. COLI O121

    48 illnesses and 1 death linked to Grimmway Farms organic carrots.

  • California Nov 24
    H5N1 BIRD FLU

    Virus detected in Raw Farm LLC raw milk; statewide recall issued.

  • Multi-State (23 States) Nov 26
    SALMONELLA

    68+ cases linked to Agrotato/SunFed cucumbers from Mexico.

  • Utah & Arizona Nov 26
    MEASLES

    Rapidly growing clusters; 102 cases in Utah, 153 in Arizona.

New International Events (Last 7 Days)

The following public health events and outbreaks have been reported or significantly updated outside of the United States between **November 23 and November 30, 2025**.
  • Namibia 1d ago
    CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER

    New outbreak confirmed in Khomas region following a fatal case in Windhoek. Surveillance and contact tracing activated.

  • Mali 4d ago
    MPOX (CLADE I)

    First confirmed fatal case reported in Koulikoro Region (Kangaba district). Marks a significant expansion with heightened national surveillance.

  • Ethiopia 5d ago
    MARBURG VIRUS DISEASE

    Update: Death toll rises to 5 with 10 confirmed cases. Outbreak centered in South Ethiopia Regional State; WHO assesses risk as high.

  • Europe (WHO Region) 2d ago
    MEASLES

    WHO alert issued regarding surging outbreaks across the region, citing dozens of fatal cases and stalling vaccination rates.

  • Namibia 1d ago
    CHOLERA

    Localized outbreak identified in Grootfontein with 3 positive cases; intensive health education campaign launched.